利用核心简单重复序列(SSR)标记分析无籽西瓜品种的DNA指纹及遗传多样性

赵胜杰，朱红菊，路绪强，何楠，刘文革*

中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所，河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室，郑州450009

摘要：为构建无籽西瓜品种的DNA指纹，实现无籽西瓜品种的快速准确鉴定，客观评价品种的遗传多样性，本研究利用核心SSR标记对我国54 份无籽西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)主栽品种进行了分析。结果显示，23 对多态性引物共扩增出63 种基因型，基因型数2~5 个不等，平均2.74 个；平均多态性信息量(PIC)为0.39，变化范围为0.04~0.67，有5 个品种具有特征谱带；54 个品种遗传相似系数变化范围为0.643 9~1.0，平均0.859 3，参试品种具有较高的遗传相似性；组合23 对引物，除无法区分雪峰花皮无籽与郑抗无籽1号、郑抗新1 号与广西3 号、黒宝无籽与桂冠1 号，其余品种均能一一区分开，利用PIC>0.4 的10 对引物构建了5 份主要参试品种的DNA标准指纹图谱；采用类平均法进行聚类分析,在相似系数0.82 处，可将54个品种分为7 大类。本研究建立了参试品种的标准DNA指纹图谱，为我国无籽西瓜品种的真实性鉴定和知识产权保护提供了技术基础。

关键词：无籽西瓜品种，核心SSR，DNA指纹，遗传多样性

Studies on DNA Fingerprinting and Genetic Diversity of Seedless Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus) Varieties Using Core Simple Sequence Repeat(SSR) Markers

ZHAO Sheng-Jie, ZHU Hong-Ju, LU Xu-Qiang ,HE Nan, LIU Wen-Ge*

Key Laboratory of Henan Fruits and Cucurbits Biology, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China

Abstract: In order to construct the fingerprinting of the main seedless watermelon(Citrullus lanatus) varieties to achieve fast and accurate identification and evaluate the genetic diversity, core simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers were used to study the DNA fingerprinting and the genetic diversity of 54 seedless watermelon major varieties in China. Twenty three polymorphic primer pairs could amplify 63 genotypes, and 2.74genotypes were detected by each primer pair with the range from 2 to 5. The polymorphic information content(PIC) values ranged from 0.04 to 0.67 with the mean of 0.39. Five varieties had unique bands. The genetic similarity coefficients of the 54 varieties ranged from 0.643 9 to 1.0 with the mean of 0.859 3, which indicated that the tested varieties had higher genetic similarity. Besides Xuefenghuapiwuzi and Zhengkangwuzi No.1, Zhengkangxin No.1 and Guangxi No.3、Heibaowuzi and Guiguan No.1, the other varieties could be separated clearly from each other. The standard fingerprinting of 5 main tested varieties was constructed using 10 pairs primer with PIC>0.4. Furthermore, all the varieties were classified into 7 groups, at the level of genetic similarity coefficient 0.82 according to cluster analysis by an un- weighted pair- group average method with arithmetic mean. This study established the standard DNA fingerprinting for seedless watermelon major varieties in China, which provids a technical foundation of varieties' authenticity identification and intellectual property protection.

Keywords: Seedless watermelon variety, Core SSR, DNA fingerprinting, Genetic diversity